In-depth analysis: the three main elements of cutting volume in machining

In the metal cutting process of machining, cutting amount is one of the key factors affecting the quality and productivity of the workpiece. Cutting dosage consists of three main components: cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. These three elements are interrelated and together determine the efficiency and quality of the cutting process. In the following, we will analyze these three elements in detail.

1. Cutting speed.

Cutting speed in machining is the distance that a point on the cutting edge of a tool moves in the direction of the main motion in one minute's time. It directly affects the cutting force, cutting temperature and tool wear. Cutting speed is too high, it will lead to increased cutting temperature, tool wear accelerated, and may even produce thermal deformation and ablation; cutting speed is too low, it will lead to reduced cutting efficiency, processing time is long. Therefore, it is crucial to choose the right cutting speed to ensure cutting quality and improve machining productivity.

2. Feed.

The feed for machining is the distance the tool moves in the feed direction in one reciprocating stroke. The selection of the feed directly affects the thickness of the cutting layer and the height of the residual area, which in turn affects the surface roughness and tool life. Too large a feed will increase tool wear, resulting in reduced machining accuracy; too small a feed, although it can reduce tool wear, but will reduce productivity. Therefore, a reasonable choice of feed is an important part of ensuring machining quality and improving productivity.

3. Depth of cut.

Machining depth of cut is the depth of the tool cut into the workpiece per turn. The size of the depth of cut directly affects the cutting force, cutting heat and tool wear. Cutting depth is too large, will increase the cutting force and cutting heat, resulting in accelerated tool wear, machining accuracy decline; cutting depth is too small, although it can reduce tool wear, but will reduce productivity. Therefore, a reasonable choice of depth of cut is an important part of ensuring machining quality and improving productivity.